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PHYSIOLOGICAL RATES DURING DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES IN TEMPERATE AND POLAR OCEANS
by
David Ward Ginsburg
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES)
May 2007
Copyright 2007 David Ward Ginsburg
Object Description
| Title | Physiological rates during development of marine invertebrates in temperate and polar oceans |
| Author | Ginsburg, David Ward |
| Author email | david.ginsburg@usc.edu |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Biology |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2006-12-15 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Manahan, Donal T. |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Hedgecock, Dennis Caron, David A. Maxson, Robert Corsetti, Frank A. |
| Abstract | The goal of this dissertation was to investigate the nutritional and physiological state of benthic marine invertebrates from both temperate and polar habitats. In Chapter 1, larvae of the temperate sea urchin Lytechinus pictus reared in the field were compared to those reared on cultured phytoplankton diets in the laboratory. A biochemical index of physiological state was established using an in situ culturing system and measurements of protein synthesis to define the nutritional status of larvae growing in the ocean. Protein synthesis rates for larvae reared in the field were ~50% less than larvae fed at near-maximal physiological capacities in the laboratory. Research presented in Chapter 2 focused on the physiological and metabolic requirements of early development in the Antarctic asteroids Acodontaster hodgsoni and Odontaster meridionalis. Despite differences in egg size and developmental mode, A. hodgsoni and O. meridionalis maintained high rates of protein synthesis while sustaining a low metabolic rate. Additionally, fractional rates of protein synthesis in embryos of O. meridionalis were two-fold greater than its temperate counterpart (standardized to -1 °C) indicating that the Antarctic species is cold-adapted. The goal of Chapter 3 was to determine how metabolic energy is partitioned during early development of the temperate sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. The energetic cost of protein synthesis was 8.6 J (mg protein)-1. Combined, protein synthesis ATP utilization by the sodium pump accounted for ~90% of total respiration during development. The information provided in this dissertation will substantially increase understanding of the physiology of organisms developing and growing in different oceanic environments. |
| Keyword | marine invertebrate; Antarctic; temperate; physiological rate; development |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m288 |
| Rights | Ginsburg, David Ward |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | http://www.usc.edu/isd/libraries/services/ask_a_librarian/email/ |
| Filename | etd-Ginsburg-20070222 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume23/etd-Ginsburg-20070222.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Full text | PHYSIOLOGICAL RATES DURING DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES IN TEMPERATE AND POLAR OCEANS by David Ward Ginsburg A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES) May 2007 Copyright 2007 David Ward Ginsburg |
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