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GROWTH DEFICITS IN A POSTNATAL DAY 3 RAT MODEL OF HYPOXIC
ISCHEMIC BRAIN INJURY
by
Wei-Cheng Tai
A Thesis Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
MASTER OF SCIENCE
(CRANIO-FACIAL BIOLOGY)
December 2008
Copyright 2008 Wei-Cheng Tai
Object Description
| Title | Growth deficits in a postnatal day 3 rat model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury |
| Author | Tai, Wei-Cheng |
| Author email | weichent@usc.edu; datotai@msn.com |
| Degree | Master of Science |
| Document type | Thesis |
| Degree program | Cranio-Facial Biology |
| School | School of Dentistry |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-11-03 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2008-12-10 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Turman, Jack, Jr. |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Paine, Michael L. Holschneider, Daniel P. |
| Abstract | Postnatal growth of a newborn infant depends upon gestational age, birth weight, nutrition, feeding behavior, metabolism, and presence or absence of critical illness during the neonatal period. Brain injury during infancy is a clinical problem that results in growth deficits, which can potentiate poor neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with early brain injury. Understanding mechanisms underlying growth deficits following neonatal brain injury will help promote the development of efficacious treatment strategies. We utilized a rat model to determine the growth, metabolic, and behavioral outcomes following a postnatal day (P) 3 hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury. Rats were injured using the Levine procedure (cauterization of right common carotid, followed by exposure to 8% oxygen for 1.5 hour). Control rats received sham surgery and exposure to 1.5 hour of room air. One cohort of rats was examined for growth patterns (daily weight, weight gain, snout-rump length and snout-crown length) during the early postnatal (P3-14) and postweaning (P21, 24, 31, 33) periods. This cohort was examined using a battery of tests evaluating early postnatal feeding behaviors (righting reaction, ingestion latency, pup on teat (POT), pup on ventrum (POV)). This same cohort was studied using the open field paradigm during the early postnatal and postweaning periods. Another cohort of rats was used to study the impact of a P3 HI brain injury on metabolism (VO2, VCO2, respiratory quotient, and daily energy expenditure), using indirect calorimetry. Brains from both cohorts were pooled to examine the impact of P3 injury on the gross area measures of the arcuate and ventromedian hypothalamic nuclei. Growth deficits in injured animals emerged during the second postnatal week, a significant period in the development of dam-pup interactions.; While no significant differences were noted in the expression of feeding-related behaviors between groups, or in metabolic parameters, we did observe significant associations between feeding-related behaviors (righting reaction, feeding duration during POV, supination frequency during POV, ingestion latency) and all growth parameters. No differences were observed in gross area measures of arcuate or ventomedial hypothalamic nuclei. In the open field assessment during the early postnatal period, HI rats showed increased circling behaviors and supination behaviors compared to controls, these behaviors did not persist through the postweaning open field assessment. Our data reveal that P3 HI brain injury results in generalized growth deficits emerging during the second postnatal week and these deficits are associated with alterations in feeding-related behaviors. Comparing data across 2 distinct novel environments for the rat pup, POV and open field environments, suggests an important role for the dam's sensory cues in organizing behaviors in P3 HI brain injured rats during the early postnatal period. |
| Keyword | feeding; metabolism; indirect calorimetry; open field |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1908 |
| Rights | Tai, Wei-Cheng |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | http://www.usc.edu/isd/libraries/services/ask_a_librarian/email/ |
| Filename | etd-Tai-2529 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume14/etd-Tai-2529.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Full text | GROWTH DEFICITS IN A POSTNATAL DAY 3 RAT MODEL OF HYPOXIC ISCHEMIC BRAIN INJURY by Wei-Cheng Tai A Thesis Presented to the FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE (CRANIO-FACIAL BIOLOGY) December 2008 Copyright 2008 Wei-Cheng Tai |
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