C<al i forrea
SUMMER TROJAN
VOL. VI»
d£3S»>*
LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, TUESDAY, AUGUST 19, 1958
NO. 14
'ACE OF SOPHISTS'
Singers Flock
Wallraff Cites Lack To SC Confab
Of Moral Security
Desegregation
To Take Time, Educator Says
The Sup year-old ruiii ui the pubi it stitutional v. end, but r<o
erne Court’s four-g that segregation schools is uncon-¡11 prevail in the one can sav how
many years it n*. ill take for the
law to he 100 per cent effective. Dr. Ross Pugmire, professor of
Moral norms have become insecure in a 20th century which may find us “living in another age of Sophists,” declared Dr. Charles F. Wallraff last week.
The visiting professor of philosophy from the Univer- j sity of Arizona pointed out that “we find it difficult to
~ j conceive of absolute va:ues relative to nothing and of objective values which do not derive from ! the inclination of the human sub- j jects.”
“There are three questions which must be answered in an ' effort to secure a firm founda5 tion for our moral standards,” he .said, “but these questions lead to seemingly insoluable difficulties.” j Three Questions These three questions are:
(1 * Where are these values and norms, (2> how can we know them?, and (3) how can they be indicated?
Dr. Wallraff said that many j old answers seem not to hold true in modern society. There is j
the idea that a certain standard is the “will of God” but no one can agree as to what God’s j will is.
He also said that “we are told to go to the scriptures, but find that our conduct will depend upon the interpretation placed up- j on them. The doctrine of the priesthood of all believers not only frees man from the compulsion exerted by a higher authority, but placed upon him a heavy j burden of responsibility for his ; moral choices.”
Intuition a Stronghold “The great stronghold of absolutism was intuitionism. Perhaps we can intuit the scale of moral values in their proper rank order. But if intuitionists disagree, who is to say who is ■ right?” he asked.
The idea of following one’s [ conscience is also an answer . which is often given. The voice of conscience is often depicted as the voice of God, but. as Dr. I Wallraff pointed out
educat ion at
Okliihomct. Sai
a n administra conference foi Education. -
Massive “There are t who have that deseg is inevita are others cont inued resist a nee, deliberate deli bei aie * some years Speaking prospects i tion in the said it has I pleted in 1
tne University of id this Friday at ation - supervision the SC School of
Resistance
hose in the
South
expressed the view legation under the law >Ie,” he said. “There u ho are committed to 'massive resistance.’ it may be that “all delay’ instead of‘‘all si>eed' will prevail for ? to come.’'
I on the progress and or racial desegrega-schools, Dr. Pugmire been started or com-per cent of the school districts in Texas, 80 per cent in Oklahoma, 91 per cent in Maryland, 29 per cent in Delaware. 70 per cent in Kentucky, and 100 per cent in Wrest Virginia.
Ji»«*t Begun
In Arkansas. Tennessee, and North Carolina. 15 of the 1354 bi-racial districts have begun or completed the process, he said. No desegregation has occurred in the other Southern states ex-isiana and Virginia.
Dr. Shirley Cooper, associate secretary of the American Assn. of School Administrators in Washington, D.C., who is also teaching at SC this month, said the A AS A was constantly working to get more money for the schools, trying to interpret the j schools to the public, and striving in every way possible to improve the instructional, program. '
There are more than 7500 professional educational organizations in the country, he said.* proving that the cooperative effort is part and parcel of democracy in action and as uniquqely j American as baseball and hot ( does.
Nearly 100 voice teachers and advanced students of singing will attend the fourth workshop of the National Association of Teachers of Singing at SC this week, starting at 9 a.m. today and running through Friday.
Demonstration lessons will he given daily in 133 FH featuring Sonia Sharnova of the Chicago Conservatory. -
Speakers will discuss public performance opportunities for singers. Robert Armbruster will tell of the singing requirements for recordings; Wilbur Hatch, conduetor-arranger, will speak about T> -radio performances, and Raymond Moreman of UCLA will discuss professional careers of church soloists.
Henrik Abrahams of Denmark will speak on the phonetics of singing in French, German and Italian. Miss Re Koster of The Netherlands will describe how she has taught Italian opera stars to sing in German and French.
Teaching of singing as a career will be discussed by Richard De Young of De Paul University, Chicago. Research on efficient and inefficient voices will be described by William H. Perkins, associate professor of speech at SC.
Mrs. Ada Tilly Allen *>f Van Nuvs, chairman of the workshop, and Jerold Shapherd of Whittier College, co-chairman, named William Yennard, head of the voice department in the SC School of Music, as master of ceremonies for the five-day meeting.
SC Educator Wins Prize
Dr. E. Bryant Phillips, assoei-Freud’s ate professor of economics at SC
Unity Must Bring Peace Arab Says
A united Arabian middle east will be a golden opportunity for the West in general to start a new era of friendship with the Arabs, said Abdel Moneim El Khedry, West Coast Consul General of the United Arab Republic, in a speech to an SC audience last week.
El Khedry declared that if this	~	----------
friendship is to be achieved, however, the United States press must be watched more carefully in order to give the people the real truth about the Arab situation.
It needs to be watched in the future, he said, because “it often ambarrasses the governments by expressing attitudes and opinions supposedly reflecting the views of the public, but which in reality are inspired by some groups which do not care too much about the real interest of America. the United Kingdom and France.”
Slogans Must Go
Slogans like “Arab Empire/’ “Dictator Nasser*' have to disappear, he said. “Nobody believes they are true for the simple fact that not a single Arab countrv
Biologist Sees Flood Of C ures For Aged
¿CAST LANSING, Mich. — (UPI*—The next “flood” of new medicines on the market will be those designed to alleviate diseases of the aged, a Michigan State University microbiologist predicted.
Antibiotics have done their part to increase life expectancy, te. Now they must try to help said Dr. Charles L>. San Clemen-the aged.
The diseases he listed were hijjh -blood pressure, heart diseases. hardening of the arteries, rheUmatisjn, arthritis, and liver diseases and
doctrine of the super-ego shows the conscience . as simply the voice of society interiorized.
Some people, he said, are content to obey the “laws of the land.” But, he asked, isn’t this unnecessarily provincial. This is t h e my-country-right-or-wrong attitude. What about moral progress? If people act only according to the laws, crime could be stamped out simply by abolishing laws which make things a crime.
Man-Made
“We then come to a position of ethical reletivism. Our values are not absolute. They are made by man and can be changed by man.” he said.
Dr. Wa^raff feels that this point of view is well expressed by the anthropologist, Ruth Benedict, who - finds that from the standpoint of a world traveler one can discover nothing but a multitude of conflicting standards, each one of which can be justified in its own terms.
In the past, says Miss Benedict, many missionaries have
was arrfbng 50 winners recently
in a nationwide contest sponsored by the Committee for Economic Development, New York City.
The winners were chosen from 1238 entries all over the free world on the question. “What is the most important economic problem to be faced by the United States in the next 20 years?” Each person wrote a 2000-word paper on the question. Winners receiver $500 each.
Grave concern over America’s
goal’s, its sense of values and direction, was the predominant theme of the papers. The second largest group of winners picked inflation as the most pressing future problem, and how to ward off a severe depression was a close third.
Dr. Phillips wrrote on “The Need for Balance Among Economic Pressure Groups.” He said that an economic problem that is fundamental, serious and. immediate, and yet is scarcely recognized is the problem of. educating consumers in this country may raise their own living and become at
gone to foreign countries in an so the}' effort to “civilize” the native level of population with the idea that the same time a countervailing “our ways” are bets. This is a force with strong business and provincial way of looking at it. : labor groups. It is expedient
that consumers should be I aroused, he said, but it is equally
Great Potential
Consider, says, Miss Benedict, what man is—a bundle of potentialities. If a man had studied something else, he would be an entirely different person.
Each culture, from thg* point of view of other cultures, has kidney J neglected something important, certain	(Continued	on	Page	2)
expedient that the transition be made wthiout malice and without disturbance to America’s unsurpassed production system.
Dr. Phillips, a graduate of Nebraska Wesleyan University and the University of Nebraska, ] has taught at SC since 1947.
ABDEL MONEIM EL KHEDRY
. . . millions for unity
has been guilty of agression.”
El Khedry said that the part of the Middle East called the Arab world, “destined sooner or later to join together in one block is strongly needd by both block is strongly needed by both sides, Captalism and Communism. Both will think twice now before committing any blundering acts which may end the era of mankind.”
“We know that we are. com-pared to WTest and East, very, weak militarily. But we know j also that the human conscience and international law have advanced. and today aggression never pays,” he said.
New Era “Arab Nationalism is starting a new era and following new j dynamic impulses. It has scored a glorious victory over colonialism by the promlamation of the j United Arab Republic.”
El Khedry feels that this nationalism is a fact which deserves to be meditated by the West as well as the East, that millions: of Arabs rejoiced when they learned of the event, and that new hope for a better future is j born* in their hearts as a fire, j and has struck their minds as an overwhelming light.”
Welcomes Others “The new union has declared that it welcomes other Arab States, as part of the federation or as confederation. This is not : only a p’edge. certainly more j serious than the one given by j West or East, safeguarding the sovereignty of all of them, but (Continued* on Page 4)
Study Derides Fiction Faculty
Too many American novels depict college professors as second-raters who would fail in any other profession, says a recently-' completed SC research .study.
The books usually characterize both men and women faculty members as bizarre individuals who are neither good scholars nor dedicated teachers, said A ichael V. Belok. He analyzed 50 serious novels written since 1940 in which professors were major or minor characters. His study won him the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in education from SC.
Dr. Belok, 35, who wants to become a college professor him, self, feels that novelists tend to pick out untypical professors as | their characters.
‘Perhaps the authors unconsciously reflect unfavorable public attitudes about professors,’' Dr. Belok said. ‘ This just reinforces stereotyped notions and in all probability damages the profession.“
Surprisingly, he found few absent-minded professors in the novels. Usually, the profes-j sor was depicted as a tall man of average appearance who taught English and was more interested in being promoted than anything else. He usually was shown as having little interested in politics or religion. Almost no mention was made of why he became a college teacher, nor was his poor financial position stressed in most novels.
Women professors were even more stereotyped, Dr. Belok found. They were commonly portrayed as poorly adjusted, overly aggressive, unattractive, single, and unlikely to marry.
“The unattractive woman, if she is a college teacher, is regarded by novelists as somehow’ different,” he said. “Unattractive women are believable -as scholars, ar*d their occupational choice requires no explanation.”
Male professors were usually described as unworldly; made timid, shy, or repressed by intellectual life; and unmanly if (hey were interested in the arts.
Dr. Belok. who has attended four universities — Indiana, Harvard, Arizona State College, and Southern California — admitted that he has met all these types on campuses, but doesn’t think they are readily typical of college professors.
These misconceptions in novels may discourage some good teachers from becoming college professors and may also attract more of the same types to Xhe campuses, he said.
He recommended that professors develop critical ability in their students so they will be able to see through the stereotypes in the novels they read about education. Also, he said, fiction dealing with college life might well be made a part of courses in Schools of Education so future professors will know how the public regards them.