BERKES DISCUSSES WORLD PEACE
(Editor's Note: This is the first of two articles written for the Daily Trojan in conjunction with I SC's “Progress Through Peace” week. The first article, written by Or. Ross N. Herkes, director of the Schr.nl of International Relations, is entitled. "Thoughts on World Peace:” the second, written by Dr. Carl Q. Christol, head of the political scicnce department, will appear tomorrow).
By Dr. ROSS X. BERKES Director. School of International Relations
I take it that by “world peace" Ls meant the removal of force as an arbiter in world affairs. Perhaps
I	should say “major arbiter,” since it is hardly credi-
table to demand of the international community a level of idyllic harmony that not even the national state has achieved.
There is a certain irony here, for I find myself in the position of starting an essay on peace by stressing the role cf force in a political society. Most of the time it is latent, or disguised under such rubrics as “the coercive sanction of the law,” yet within the state we find force a necessary and even desirable adjunct to a normative system of societal control.
In a sense, there is a ratio here: the more a society is controlled by normative devices, the less its reliance on force. Yet at some point in the spectrum of society, even normative controls require the sanction of force for their effectiveness. So force remains.
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Open Discussion Services As Truth s Vehicle
Southern
DAILY
Most of our concern for world peace stems from the view that civilization can no longer afford a system of control (or the lack of one) so haphazard as to rely mainly on force to counter force. While there is considerable reason to doubt the relevance of what we can afford to the issue of what we will get, I find it difficult to resist the conclusion that peace requires the universalization of a viable normative system of control.
This is a neat, if wordy, position to take. It is neither new, nor is it among social scientists very remarkable. In the main it is those who are not social scientists (or poor social scientists?) whose horror of modern war and its capabilities lead them to the enthronement of enlightened prudence as some kind of
C^<3l ifornia
self-strengthening substitute for war. There is the simplest answer: we must not fight because we dare not fight; we must abandon force or all die in its use.
For my part, I think it would be far safer ai.d certainly more realistic to ask of prudence its service in the deterrence of war. and if that fails, to ask its help in guiding the use of force. But in any case, merely to declare force too dangerously an arbiter not only does nothing toward its removal, but even entrenches its hold.
The greatest temptation for those who might consider resorting to force would be confidence in their own immunity to counterforce. Thus to conclude that fore no longer can be met by force is more likely
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TROJAN
PAGE FOUR Rudomefkin On Mend; May Moke Playoffs
VOL. Lll
O’
LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 8, 1961
NO 86
Faculty Members to Participate In Panel Discussion of SF Film
Operation Abolition To Be Seen Tonight
Senior Class Wins election commissioner
di . n . n . STRESSES CAMPAIGN RULE
Blood Drive Prize
FINAL 'HELEN' — Carol Ann White, chosen as the El Rodeo's eighth and final "Helen of Troy," smiles gratefully for the knowledge and experience she has gained at USC. The occupational therapy major feels that her experiences here will aid her in future life. Miss Whie marvels how people in every country are b a si c a I I y similar.
Carol White Wins Final Helen' Bid
By JULIE PORTER
Carol Ann White, president of AWS, has been named the eighth and final El Rodeo yearbook ‘ Helen of Troy” to hcncr her for four years of outstanding service to the university and high scholarship.
Miss W'hite’s selection concludes the naming of eight “Helens of Troy” who were chosen by four members of the administration for outstanding scholarship, achievement and university record.
The eight “Helens' are Nita Biss, Bobbie Jo Furbass, Sharcn Kelly. Susan Laemmle, Mary Marvin, Gwen Olson, Cecily Thomson and Carol Ann White.
The newly-chosen “Helen” has been active in the YWCA Fresh Club, High School Relations Committee, Spurs, AWS associate cabinet and the Occupational Therapy Club.
This year Miss White is AWS president and a member of Mortar Board. Amazons and the Occupational Therapy Club.
In addition to working 16 hours a week this year for the Soviet-Asian Studies Center, the -industrious Pi Beta Phi has been able to maintain a 3.23 grade average.
Miss WThite has also been active in her sorority as pledge class president, activities chairman and treasurer for two years.
The eighth “Helen,” an occupational therapy major, has particularly enjoyed being on the Troy Camp Committee and a Troy Camp counselor. “I love working with people, especially children,” she said.
‘ Troy Camp can be a wonderful experience for students when they realize how much good they can do for people.
“Many students have to overcome the idea that Troy Camp is a place to get together with their friends to have a good time.
“Once they realize this, they can gain reward from the satisfaction of helping those who need it,” Miss White emphasized.
She also noted that her work with Mrs. Joan Schaefer, assistant dean of students—women, and a “wonderful group of women” on AWS has been very worthwhile.
Under Miss White, AWS has undertaken such projects as orientation, the AWS lecture series and revising the AWS constitution this year.
Eighth Helen Happy For Troy Experiences
Carol Ann White, the eighth El Rodeo “Helen of Troy,” plans to use the knowledge and experience she has gained from her four years at USC, her cccuational therapy studies. and her work with the Soviet-Asian studies center last summer, in her future.
Miss White feels that she has gained extensively in her knowledge of Russia by her visit to the Soviet Union for 18 days last summer on a European tour.
“I was especially impressed by the fact that Russia is mrh an expanding country Industrial projects, buildings, apartments—simetliing is always being done “for the people,” she said.
Although only the head of the tour spoke Russian, It was amazing how much we could understand without knowing the language, Miss White said.
Through a dormitory sponsor, Miss White w?s persuaded to change her major from nursing to occupational therapy. |
The senior class again won the annual trophy for giving the most blood in USC’s 196‘1 Blood Drive as a total! of 580 pints, just 20 below the campus quota, were collected during the five-day drive.
“If all the people who came to donate had been able
to give, we would have had 630
Kansas O.K.s Lockout Edict,
USC Abstains
A new lockout program for senior women at the University | of Kansas was described yesterday by Assistant Dean of Stu-i dents Mrs. Joan Schaefer as inapplicable to the housing situation at USC.	w
The new program on the Kansas campus allows senior women living in organized living groups to check out a key to the house and remain out past the closing hours established by the Kansas AWS Board of Standards.
Parental permission is required for the senior women to participate in the new privilege plan.
Dean Explains Standards
“We at USC attempt to work a privilege plan on an individual basis,” Mis. Schaefer explained.
“Many women students live close enough to campus to go home on the night of a special event by obtaining special permission, and thus are able to stay later than usual.”
Describing USCs AWS standards as more liberal than those at Kansas, Dean Schaefer pointed out that graduate women students already have their key and time, of return is not ensign-out cards, which request information of destination, date more of a problem to our house-forced, although officially required.
The Kansas program requires a senior woman checking out a key to indicate the place where she may be reached after‘closing. the name of one person who will be with her and the approximate time she expects to return.
Locked Box
Each Kansas house now provides a locked key box with a slot for the return of keys. Women may not secure keys earlier than 5 p.m. or after the house is locked for the night. Keys must be returned by 8 a.m.
“There are several differences between our campus and the University of Kansas that pose more of a problem to our housn-ing regulations,” Dean Schaefer explained.
Concern for Safety “The basic problem on this campus is the concern for safety,” she reported. “Lawrence,
Kansas, is a college town, whereas the diversified element surrounding USC presents a need for greater concern for the safety of our women students.”
Dean Schaefer added that mixed classes in USC’s women’s dormitories present the possibility of senior keys finding their way to sophomores or juniors.
However, Coordinator of Housing Elwyn E. Brooks remarked that less than 40 women would he affected by a similar change in USC's AWS policy, since most senior women live in sororities or commute.
pints, said Jim West, Blood Drive chairman. Seventy people were rejected for various reasons, West explained.
Placed First
The seniors placed first with a total of 145,2 pints. The junior class will receive a plaque for second place with a total of 125',2 pints.
West said that the inter-group competition helped the Blood Drive get off to a good start.
In the fraternity competition, Theta Epsilon Phi came out on top with 38 pints. Running a close second were the Tekes with 26%.
Delta Delta Delta became high pointer for the sororities by amassing a total of 17 pints with Kappa Alpha Theta close behind at 15*2.
Elizabeth von KleinSmid Hall won the dorm classification with 20'2 pints. Town and Gown was second with 16.
Anchorage will receive a special award for the largest percentage of donors. The Navy men gathered 8’a pints from 13 residents.
NROTC contributed 95’2 pints to the cause and will receive a special award for this total.
Among the service groups, Squires contiued in their winning ways by copping first place wifh 30’2 pints. The Knights were 10 behind with 20’2.
Placed Second
The professional organization race was won by Phi Delta Chi, a professional pharmacy fraternity. Second place was nabbed by the coeducational pharmacy organization, Alpha Iota Phi.
LAS won in the school compe tition with 111 '/2 pints, scarcely beating second place Business School's 103'2.
The totals lor the competition add up to more than the university total of pints collected because donors were allowed to credit their pints to as many c,i-ganizalions as they belonged 1o, as long as the organizations didn't compete with each other.
West explained that the awards will be made within two weeks, the date to be announced in the Daily Trojan.
“We won't know how we scored in competition w ith UCLA until March 13. when the Blood-mobile starts collecting from the Bruins,” West said.
Candidates for all offices in the Spring election were reminded yesterday by Election Commissioner Art Kay to have their election materials approved by next Wednesday.
The Elections Committee will be stamping election materials—which include all posters, banners and gimmicks—in the Foreign Students’ Lounge, 310 SI, irom 3 to 4 today and tomorrow, and again on Monday and Tuesday.
“All materials must receive the approval and stamp of the Elections Committee at this time,” Kay said. ‘‘Failure to do so will mean disqualification.”
At present a total of 103 students will be running for the various ASSC offices. In addition to 32 senate seats and nine executive cabinet positions, this includes all fields-of-study offices and class vice presidents and treasurers.
However, many candidates may be disqualified when final approval is received from the registrar's office. In addition to verifying a candidate’s standing and eligibility, the registrar’s office must be sure the candidate’s grades meet the requirements of the ASSC constitution.
The election is scheduled for March 22 and 23. Not all candidates will be vated 011 by the entire student body since ballots are handed out according to .the voters’ field of study.
Orient Study Program Combines Fun, Credit
A new program has recently been developed to allow students to interrupt their studies for a year in the Orient and receive
[ iean students will find the study of non-Westem cultures “very interesting.” The Asian culture he said, is more unique than any
full credit for it, reported Dr. 1 other in the world.
Theodore H. E. Chen, head of the department of Asiatic studies.
Dr. Chen noted that the program has been in effect for the last three years but is not well known on the USC campus.
He listed Princeton. Columbia and the University of Chicago among the pioneers in this unusual program and added that he felt that USC should have a similar program.
Undergraduate’s Dream
The program permits undergraduates to interrupt their studies between their sophomore and junior years and to return to the university where they started.
Students working under this program are allowed a great degree of freedom in their choice of courses at any Oriental university.
Dr. Chen predicted that Amer-
“The U.S. is taking a step in the right direction by studying Chinese. Japanese and Indonesian cultures,” he said.
Lecture Tour
Dr. Chen left USC last week on a nationwide lecture tour. He will deliver his lectures on “Education in Communist China” at 15 universities on the tdur.
The American Association of I School Administration is spon-I soring Dr. Chen's tour in order to better acquaint American teachers with education in foreign lands.
Dr. Chen has done extensive research into the subject of education in Communist China and is considered one of the world's foremost experts on Chinese education.
The USC department of Asiatic studies is one of the oldest on the Pacific Coast.
Four faculty members were chosen yesterday to participate in a university-sponsored panel discussion of the film “Operation Abolition” tonight at 7 in 133 FH.
Bcb Sangster, chairman of the Peace Week Committee of the Greater University Council, announced that the
faculty panel will be headed by | Professor Orrin B. Evans, asso-	^	^	X
j ciate dean of the School of Law, | who will act as moderator.
Joined by Others Dean Evans will be joined by | Dr. Edward C. McDonagh. pro-; fessor of sociology; Dr. Richard D. MacCann. assistant professor j of cinema: and Professor Henry | Reining Jr.. dean of the School ! of Public Administration.
The special showing will be preceded with a talk by Sangster. who will present introduc-I tory background material. The ; faculty panel discussion w ill follow the film.
Panel members were selected i from a list suggested by several faculty members.
The film is being shown as part of USCs “Progress Through Peace' Week, which is being I held in conjunction with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Highly Controversial Sangster explained that the film, which is a highly controversial depiction of student riots during sessions of the House un-American Activities Committee in San Francisco, is being show n as part of the Peace Week program to present current issues to the student body.
“In order to have peace, individuals must be informed of the issues facing society,” Sangster said. "Since student rioting is an issue that has caused great | concern, we wanted to give students an opportunity to discuss j the problem in an atmosphere of learning.”
Partly Distorted Sangster added that the film j is highly controversial and also distorted in parts.
“Our showing is an attempt to explain the film in the context of circumstances.” he said. “We are not concerned with the rights or wrongs of the House committee.”
USC's peace program is an outgrowth of the Carnegie Endowment's 50th year of International Peace programs.
Newman Club Sponsor Disputed Film
A second showing of the film I “Operation Abolition” will be sponsored by the Newman Club, 3207 University Ave., tonight at
8.
T’le Newman showing, which will follow a university screening scheduled for 7 p.m., will feature discussions and a guest lecture by Tony Wilkinson, state finance officer of the Sons of the American Legion.
Wilkinson, a freshman in social studies, will discuss his experiences with the. same group of students covered in the film when they picketed the I960 American Legion Convention in San Francisco.
He will describe the organization and activities of the student group, which he learned while attending their meeting under cover while at the convention.
Officials at the Newman Club explained that they were showing the fifrn in order to present the student body with a growing problem in our community.
Although they were sorry their showing would be so close to that of the university, Newman leaders expressed hope that students would be stimulated enough to attend the second showing for additional discussion.
The Newman ('enter showing will be open to all students with no admission charge, so that all sides of the issue may be objectively explored.
Latin Issue Will Unfold
A former State Department emissary will discuss today the possibilities of South America turning Communistic. She will spsak at a faculty luncheon today in the Faculty Center.
Mrs. Aileen Hernandez, education and public relations director for the Pacific Coast division of the International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union, will deal with the problem» of South America.
Last summer Mrs. Hernandez served as emissary to interview leaders in industry and labor in South America.
French Department Chairman Claims Existentialism Encourages Literature
By KATHY REHO
Existentialism provides a special place for literature, more so than any other philosophy, the chairman of the USC department of French told the Philosophy Forum yesterday.
Dr. Arthur J. Knodel. speaking on literary aspects of French existentialism, said that this is perhaps the main reason why existentialism has been so successful. Existentialists, and particularly Jean Paul Sartre, leader of the atheistic existential group in France, believed that any concept is a “meaningless abstraction” when out of its proper context, Dr. Knodel told the audience.
This belief is one of the basic tenets of existentialism. Sartre and a group of associates, including Albert Camus, argued that “reality is the eveiydav issue of phenomenon which we cannot escape; we cannot rise
above this,” Dr. Knodel said. They felt, therefore, that any writer who attempted to leave the world of reality was dealing with these “meaningless abstractions.”
“Sartre Telt that the writer and the reader were l»ound together.” the French professor said, “and that the writer and the reader are plunged into existence.”
French Existential
Dr. Knodel added that the French existentialists believed that “each wTiter has a point of view and is emersed in life \ and so he cannot be objective.” |
The audience had an impor- | tant position in the Sartre’s ■ theories of committed literature. He belived that the impact that the author’s work has on the audience depends on the image that the work conjures in the reader's mind. Sartre also be- | lieved that a writer has to aim,
ARTHUR
KNODEL
for an audience with moral, ethical and political problems in order to achieve any impact.
I>r. Knodel said that two mam arguments have been presented
against Sartre's ideas of committed literature. “Littérature engagee’’ has been termed socialistic realism under another title. Also, this existential literature cannot be committed if it is “pure art,” a term often applied to literature, critics say. If art is pure it escapes from reality, Sartre’s critics argued.
Answers < ritics Sartre, in a preface to one of his writings, answered these critics. He said that the literature of the French existential-j ists was not socialistic realism in another form, for this would l>e contrary to the existential belief in literature created from the experiences of the individu-! al.
“Sartre believed that if one wrote to promote the cause of a particular party he was forcing his essences on people, not creating essences,’’ Dr. Knodel said.