SCHOOL OF CITIZENSHIP AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
wti
H
and rL. ol agf-. L net: v ing land ajgf chief o!
Deadline for all announcements and material for issues of the Short Course Trojan is 11 o'clock preceding date of publication. Material should be left at Mr. Olson’s office in room 251 of the Administration Building.
rf*?Sb\ithd California
The Short Course Trojan will be issued each Tuesday and Friday during the two-weeks’ session. Copies will be distributed free to all students and faculty members from the Students’ Store which is located in the Student Union.
VOLUME II.
Los Angeles, California, Friday, June 21, 1929.
NUMBER 4
Underground Bed ^AY FACILITATION Seen As Aid To SUBJECT. 0F TALK Water Reservoir
Sonderegger States Natural Water Reservoirs Will Supplement Dams.
Daniel Webster, nearly 75 years ngr>, stood in the halls of Congress and thundered his opinion that the southwest, because of its aridity, was worthless. Acording to A. L. Sond-eregger, consulting engineer, Los Angeles, who lectured on “Sources of Local Water Supply,” before the Water Supply Section of the short course Tuesday, man’s methodical invasion with machinery and water development is transforming the forbidding desert environment of the southwest into a land of green fertility.
"The weiring away of the granite mountains of this region over millions of years lias provided for underground storage of water in immense volumes and with no coat to man," he stated Mr. Sonderegger estimates that the
Bowman States Co-ordination of Groups Necessary To Broaden Public's Concept.
LeRoy E. Bowman, leader of the Section on Recreation and Parks, has lectured to a large group of students in this section at 4 p.m. daily. Mr. Bowman, coming to the University of Southern California with a background of many years leadership in public recreation in New York City, Is a member of the faculty of the Social Science department of Columbia University.
"There is a new era beginning in recrf ation,” Mr. Bowman said Monday in discussing the necessity of correlating various agencies of recreation. "We have established our methods of procedure and our next step is to broaden out the whole concept of public recreation. Therefore there is a need of co-ordinating groups to reach the greater body of people.” Mr. Bowman discussed the work of the Central Recreation Committee of New York City, of which he is secretary, illustrating methods of securing
natural storage in the gravels of the eoasta' plain is equal to if not better j co-ordination and stating its value to than a system of storage which might j the many different agencies active in bo constructed artificially above I the recreation field. He pointed out
ground at the expense of hundreds of millions of dollars. He called attention to the fact that it is upon this underground storage that the last 25 years of development has depended. The immediate water supply problem is to build flood control reservoirs which will conserve the water during years of heavy rainfall which would otherwise escape from underground storage and be lost in the ocean, he stated. Mr. Sonderegger also pointed
that such a widespread effort is necessary to reach the interest and support of civic-minded men and wo-men who have no direct contact with recreation programs and who must be reached through particular agencies they know and admire. Thus interest and votes, and finally active participation, is secured.
“It is not possible to prove your program to the entire people,” Mr. Bowman aid. “Very little work is
out that this development in flood <3^,^ on by people intellectually
control regulation, while started the streams of the southwest, has attained but small proportion as compared with the full limit of possibility in this direction.
CLIQUE
DISEMBODIMENT URGED BY DR. BOWMAN
By ROBERT W. STURGES
“We must broaden our interests untill we are not In cliques and little neighborhoods but feel our interests to be those of the whole city,” said Leroy E. Bowman, leader of the Recreation and Parks Section, in addressing the Juvenile Welfare Section Tuesday evening. "In his recreation and in his delinquency, the youth of today does not confine himself to liis own locality but ranges the city over. We must take our cue from him, and adjust ourselves to the new mode of living If our welfare work is to strike home.”
The speaker made clear in answer to later questions, that he did not mean foolish attempts at interracial relationships, which public opinion would not tolerate, but that we should extend our sympathies as far as ik>s-sible without being considered radical. Our aim is to do good in our own groups; therefore radicalism, which would discount us with our own group, would defeat our ends.
Mr. Bowman stated that in his opinion not one out of a hundred social workers would seek to spread the bonds of brotherhood outside his own group, be he Negro, Jew, Catholic, or while Protestant.
The other point heavily stressed by Br. Bowman was that we must have faith in the judgment of youth and allow freedom accordingly, in which youth may find its own interests. “When those interests are found and youth is actually doing something and ready for advice or instruction along the line of this interest, give him your teaching and your preaching in a way that will help at that point.” The (Continued on Page Two)
convinced. Rather they become involved through the activities of their own organizations.”
Mr. Bowman continued Tuesday and Wednesday, emphasizing that a sentimental appeal to the people, while valid, is probably not the method of future advance. In a day of civic consciousness and comprehensive plans which involve whole cities and more recently whole districts or regions, he urged recreation to join with business in a complete preparation for future activity and expansion.
“Enormous expenditures seemingly impossible for recreation alone are looked upon fearlessly and as a matter of course, when big business participates and understands a plan which provides for business and recreation expansion together. Playground and recreation workers should prepare for these social changes now, when industrial programs are being laid out, and they will have then a definite program to follow In the future.”
Mr. Bowman is concluding his series of discussions with a lecture on "Reasonable Limitation of Public Recreation in the Field of Activities" and a lecture on "Community Organization for Recreation.”
Report Received from Sanitary Engineering
By G. A. PARKES
The course in Sanitary Engineering under the direction of Professor Harry Jenks has provided those engaged in professional practice, and who cannot find time to attend regular college courses, an opportunity to study the advanced phases of this technical subject.
Although it is possible to keep fairly well posted on recent developments by reading current periodical litera’ure on the subject, the direct contact available with the authorities of the profession enables those engaged In sanitary engineering to ask spciflc questions of Instructors which is far su|>erior to the magazine method of learning.
Leisure Increase Responsible For Social Problem
Dr. Mangold Tells Juvenile Welfare Section That Employment Is Unsatisfactory.
Proper guidance of the child's iies-ure time, the amount of which has greatly increased with the advent of the modern inovations, was empha sized by Dr. George B. Mangold as being of paramount importance to juvenile welfare workers in a lecture before the section dealing with that subject.
Dr. Mangodl pointed out two sources of increased liesure; improved production and transportation, and the harnessing of the powers of nature. A bushel of wheat absorbed three hours of labor before the Industrial Revolution illustrated Dr. Mangold; today it takes only ten minutes, or one-eighteenth of the former time. Ezra Meeker, who died recently, crossed the continent by four different methods within the span of seventy-five years: by ox team and afoot, by rail, by auto, and just previous to his death by aeroplane. Columbus took seventy-eight days to cross the Atlantic w.liile a modern ocean liner consumes only five.
The results of these advancements have greatly Increased the per capita income and total wealth of the nation, and at the same time has also given the working man and his chil dren much more leisure time, states Dr. Mangold.
Dr. Mangold was emphatic in his statement that the child of fourteen had no place In the industrial world; and although working outside of school hours is better than loafing, it is not the best alternative. He concluded by saying that through proper guidance of the use of leisure time much could be accomplished in rightly shaping the character of the growing child.
WASTE DISPOSAL ENGAGES SPEAKER
Chicagoan Cites Similarity of Metropolitan Sanitation and Sewer Difficulties.
BUDGET SYSTEM FORMS OUTLINED BY COTTRELL
By ELVERA FONNELL
Professor Edwin A. Cottrell, discussing the history, construction, and control of budgets during the past week noted the comparatively stort existence of the budget system and the development that has been made in recent years. A comparison was made of the budget systems of the federal, state, county, and municipal governments with the present day budget system of private enterprises
Professor Cottrell said that accounting is becoming of greater service in successful budget systems Cost of Government or private enterprise is of such great importance that an efficient budget system demands a "fact-finding agency” to appraise and consider budget requests and a well.patterned accounting system to properly segregate receipts and disbursements.
Professor Cottrell explained four types of budget systems most com monly used, the executive, the administrative, the legislative-administrative and the straight legislative budget
The problem of slack periods in work of employees in the government and municipal service was also discussed. Professor Cottrell believes t his could be eliminated to a great extent through proper coordination. The tax collection period falling at a different time from that of the fiscal year often causes a period when a shortage of funds may be experienced. In this instance, a temporary slackness in work may occur due to insufficient funds. This condition retards proper progress and service to the community.
By G. B. WILSHIRE
"Municipal Chemistry and Testing" has a technical and forbidding sound to the average person. The subject, however, is one of great interest to the sanitary engineer or anyone interested in the problem of sewage and industrial waste disposal as it confronts our cities of today. Mr. P. W. Mohlman, Chief Chemist of the Chicago Sanitation District, has given to this section many new ideas gained from wide experience in sanitation work throughout the country.
That Los Angeles has much in common with Chicago in regards to its large metropolitan area and the problem of industrial waste disposal was one of the opinions expressed by Mr Mohlrnan. Three major engineering dvelopments in the United States at this time impress him. They are the New York water supply system; Chicago's solution to its vast sanitation problem, and the past and future development of the water supply of the Los Angeles metropolitan district.
One difficulty confronting the Sanitary Engineer has is to get his ideas, and ideals accepted by the general public. Great industrial plants also discharge various types of wastes into sewers. Many times a technical man is able to show a factory where profit can be made from liquids thus disposed of. If the factory heads realize that the engineer is willing to assist them, much can be accomplished in this line.
Mr. Mohlman related the experience of a Corn Products factory near Chicago which discharged waste badly overloading the disposal plant of that section. Showing them how to reclaim this waste and sell it as a live stock food at $40.00 per ton, the company was able to make an additional half-million dollars a year.
We notice many well known faces at the various class sessions. W. T. Knowlton, City of Los Angeles; C. C. Kennedy, San Francisco; A. K. Warren. Los Angeles County; C. G. Gillespie, State of California; F. C. Scobey, IT. S. Department of Agriculture; R. F. Gowdey, State Department of Health; and many others have «11 taken an active part in making this course a success. A. M. Rawn, L. A. County, has been an able and efficient chairman.
Water Leads Of Rome Explained By City Engineer
O’Shaughnessy Attributes Permanency of Ancient Ducts To Soundness of Construction.
Accounting Practices Subject of L icturer
By H. C. WHITTINGTON
Section B of Governmental Accounting of the Short Course, under the direction of It. J. Burby, instructor, began its sessions Monday afternoon June 17, and has included the follow ing subjects:
"Certain phases of opportunity in the field of Governmental Accounting.” “Accounting for Appropriations,” "Cash Transactions,” "Fund Accounting,” and "Financial Reports.”
The class is being heavily attended by various state, county, and city officials, auditors, controllers, accountants and clerks, as well as by certain others from the various walks of commercial accounting fields. Good attention is being evidenced on all sides in the discussions. The interests shown not only applies to general theoretical presentation of abstract phases in general but applies as well to the technical illustrations brought out by the instructor.
Mr. Burby’s lectures are replete with sources of information. His manner is one of a serious vein, in lerspersed in pLares with humourous sketches.
M. M. O’Shaughnessy, City Engineer, San Francisco, in a lecture before the Water Supply Section of the short course In Public Administration at the University of Southern California Wednesday, stated:
"When in September 1925 I visited Italy I saw tho ancient aqueducts of Romo under the guidance of Dr. L. Bonamico, an Italian government engineer. Rome is interesting for its field of historic ruins, magnificant baths, arches over roads, Coliseum, ad nother old Roman buildings, but the pleasure of the visiter is considerably marred by the noise of travel over basalt block pavements, the constant repairing of streets, and the clouds of dust which prewde the atmosphere.
“There were nine separate aqueducts leading water from tho hills on uniform grade lines, with about 3 feet fall to the mile from the mountains 20 and 30 miles away, to the City of Home. TheseHqueducts were built at different times from 300 B.C. to 400 years after, occupying an epoch of 700 years. On examining some of those ancient structures, built over 2,000 years ago, I found that thoso stone walls are In just as Rood condition today after all the years of serv-
(Continued on Page Three)
SCOUT HEAD DISCUSSES * MODERN BOY PROBLEM
By ROBERT W. STURGES
Monday evening the Juvenile Welfare Section was adressed by Mr. B
B.	DeGroot, Chief Scout Executive for Los Angeles, on the general theme, “The Use of Leisure Time for the Guidance of Youth." He raised the Scout membership of Los Angeles from practically zero to 7000 in nine years. Mr. DeGroot was several years In Chicago, before coming to Log Angeles; these be was a pioneer in the Park and Playground movement, and was for two years in Hull House.
He was introduced by Dean Jnstta Miller, of the S. C. I^iw School as the father of the All-American football star, DeGroot of Stanford.
“The old doctrine of unllihited labor and limited consumption is gone,’.’ snid Mr. DeGroot. “In place of the old doctrine is that of unlimited consumption. We now consume everything within reach, and a great many things not within reach. And again, the papers, magazines, shop windows, and all, scream constantly '.IJuy something! Buy something!' Only the schools and the churches say quietly, ‘be something’.”
"Up to the age of 24 all boys are growing aad hungry. While they aro growing they are plastic, and their hungers sitolud be made use of to shape their characters. They are hungry for things to do, “there la nothing to do and no place to do that,’ tho Scout Executive pointedly remarked in speaking of urban conditions of today. The boy is hungry for friendships. Scouts, Y. M. C. A., etc., must help to create friendships between fathers and sons, and to supplement thosv companionships with others equally wholesome. The boy Is hungry for adventure; this hanger will make him a Roosevelt or a gangster, according to the use uiado of it. If modern college life does nothing else, it satisfies the desire to run away from home for adventure; and on this score alon*> college is probably worth all it costs.”
II